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Seismic Data (2D/3D/4D) Interpretation
James J. Willis, PhD

INSTRUCTOR: James J. Willis, PhD
DISCIPLINE: Geoscience
COURSE LENGTH (DAYS): 5 Days
CEUS: 4.0
AVAILABILITY: In-House

ATTEND AN UPCOMING CLASS:
Check back in periodically for updated Public and Live Online course dates! To schedule an In-House course, contact SCA’s Training Department at training@scacompanies.com.

WHO SHOULD ATTEND: Interpreters who need an understanding of 3-D seismic fundamentals, geophysicists, geologists, technical support personnel, seismic processors, exploration and data processing managers, and data acquisition managers.

COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course is designed to provide the attendees with a sound understanding of modern seismic interpretation techniques, ranging from 2D to 3D to 4D interpretation.  The course will build from extraction of various slices to volume-based interpretation to seismic petrophysics through seismic inversion.  Attribute analysis will be addressed in the context of key interpretational domains, e.g., structure, stratigraphy, and reservoir properties.  Limited aspects of acquisition and processing will be addressed, primarily in the context of how interpretation can be affected by acquisition and processing schemes.  The course is designed from an applied standpoint, with numerous examples and hands-on exercises from the petroleum industry.

PLEASE NOTE: PARTICIPANTS MUST PROVIDE THEIR OWN LAPTOPS FOR THIS COURSE.

LEARNING OUTCOMES:

  • Advantages and disadvantages of seismic slicing techniques and volume-based interpretation.
  • Progression from 2D to 3D to 4D seismic interpretation from exploration through development.
  • Seismic attribute analysis in context of structural, stratigraphic, and petrophysical domains.
  • Pitfalls of seismic interpretation.

 

COURSE CONTENT:

Introduction to Seismic Geophysics

  • The Need for Seismic Interpretation and Reservoir Analysis
  • Worldwide Case Examples Illustrating Their Importance to Hydrocarbon Production and Development

 

Seismic Reflection Surveying

  • General Principles of Reflection Surveying
    • Acquisition
    • Processing
    • Interpretation
    • Including 2D versus 3D Time-lapse (4D)
  • Survey Design and Optimization
  • Other Principles
    • Wavelength
    • Resolution
  • Primary Versus Multicomponent Surveys
  • P-wave Versus S-wave Surveys
    • Multicomponent Data
  • Amplitude Preservation
  • Migration
  • Binning
  • Zero-phase Versus Phased Data (and Recognition Of)
  • Wavelet Extraction
  • Inverse Modeling

 

Seismic Interpretation Principles

  • Discussion and Application of Various Interpretation Techniques
  • Principles as Applied to Exploration and Reservoir Characterization
  • Concepts of Structural Interpretation
  • Lines/Cross-Lines
  • Arbitrary (User Defined) Lines
  • Time Slices, Stratal (Proportional) Slices, and Phase Slices
  • Visualization Techniques, Incuding 3D Immersion
  • Surface Versus Volumetric Interpretation
  • User-tracking Versus Auto-tracking of Horizons and Faults
  • Structural Interpretation, Including Refined Fault Analysis
  • Stratigraphic Interpretation, Including Sequence Stratigraphy and Appearance of Key Stratigraphic Features
  • Texture Mapping
  • Discussion of Display Concepts
  • Discussion of Interpretation Procedures and Options

 

Seismic Attribute Analysis

  • Fundamental Concepts of Seismic Attributes
    • Amplitude
    • Phase
    • Frequency Derived Attributes, Including Spectral Decomposition
    • Instantaneous Attributions
    • Amplitude Versus Angle (AVA) and Azimuthal Variations
  • Additional Emphasis on Specific Attributes as Related to Structure
    • Coherence
    • Dip Displays
    • Derivative
    • Shear Wave Splitting
  • Stratigraphy
    • Horizon Slices and Windows
    • Amplitude
    • Other Attribute Extractions

 

Reservoir Identification and Evaluation

  • Fundamental Concepts of Reservoir Characterization
    • Attribute Analysis
    • Hydrocarbon Indicators
    • Fluid Analysis
    • Defining Reservoir Limits
    • Porosity Evaluation
    • Net Pay

 

Seismic Petrophysics and Data Integration

  • Extraction of Petrophysical Information from Seismic Data
  • Integration of Well Log
  • Well Bore Geophysics
  • Synthetic Seismic
  • Seismic Inversion
  • Geological Analysis to Develop Coherent Reservoir Models

 

Case Histories of Seismic Exploration and Reservoir Evaluation

  • Detailed Examination of Worldwide Case Examples of Seismic Analysis of Hydrocarbon Reservoirs

 

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